Romania

EDRIX Score

5.28

Tier

Specialized Contender

EDRIX Pillar Scores (normalized 0–10)

Developer Ecosystem 0.92 / 10
Grassroots Adoption 4.16 / 10
Private sector resilience 6.06 / 10
Public sector resilience 10.00 / 10

Raw metrics

The underlying values before min-max normalization across the EU27.

GitHub developers (per-capita index) 1.90
Linux share on desktops and laptops 3.61%
Sovereign browser share (Firefox + Opera) 15.92%
Domain sovereignty rating — all (national TLD) 0.476
Domain sovereignty rating — public sector 1.000

See the surveyed domains and their hosting details →

Romania scores 5.11, distinguished by a perfect 10/10 on Public Sector Health alongside modest scores everywhere else. Romania's official government domains are uniformly EU-hosted; the same can't be said for .ro private sector (raw 0.47) or developer density (0.92).

Strengths

  • Perfect Public Sector Health — Romanian government, head of state, and Bucharest all EU-hosted (10.0 / 10.0).
  • Decent private-sector hosting.ro raw rating 0.47, around the EU27 median.

Weaknesses

  • Very low per-capita developer density — 1.90, in the bottom third of the EU27.
  • Linux desktop share of 3.61% — below the EU27 mean.

Outlook

Romania's exemplary public-sector hosting discipline contrasts with weak private-sector and grassroots numbers. The country has the policy infrastructure for digital sovereignty at the government level but hasn't yet propagated the same culture to its business sector.

Historical context

2020 baseline

In 2020, Romania was an "emerging" country where a geopolitically motivated strategic agenda was completely mismatched with its very weak domestic software and OSS policies.

2024 progression

Romania's vibrant community of OSS enthusiasts continues to be the main driver of adoption. While a central government entity for OSS is still lacking, associations like ROSI and Code4Ro continue to work with the government to advocate for OSS solutions.

Historical reference

OSOR Fact Sheet (PDF, 2024) — the country-level Open Source policy report used by the retired Public Policy pillar in EDRIX 1.0.