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Finland

EDRIX Score

7.40

Tier

Leader

EDRIX Pillar Scores (normalized 0–10)

Developer Ecosystem 7.09 / 10
Grassroots Adoption 10.00 / 10
Private sector resilience 5.29 / 10
Public sector resilience 7.22 / 10

Raw metrics

The underlying values before min-max normalization across the EU27.

GitHub developers (per-capita index) 4.46
Linux share on desktops and laptops 8.68%
Sovereign browser share (Firefox + Opera) 18.61%
Domain sovereignty rating — all (national TLD) 0.439
Domain sovereignty rating — public sector 0.722

See the surveyed domains and their hosting details →

Narrative updated for the September 2026 edition.

Finland rises to second at 7.40 (June: 7.13, 3rd). It keeps a perfect 10 on grassroots adoption, with the EU's highest desktop Linux share (8.68%, down from 9.81% in June) and a sovereign browser share of 18.61% (6th). The public-sector pillar improved from 6.11 to 7.22. The weak pillar is private-sector hosting (5.29, 17th): 59% of the 466 measured .fi domains are hosted outside the EU.

Strengths

  • Grassroots adoption (perfect 10). Desktop Linux at 8.68%, first in the EU27 by more than two points.
  • Developer ecosystem (7.09, 5th). A density of 4.46, top five.
  • Government website fully sovereign. valtioneuvosto.fi is hosted, mailed and resolved in Finland (Ambientia, Valtori, Telia).

Weaknesses

  • Private-sector hosting (5.29, 17th). Amazon (22%) and Cloudflare (18%) host two fifths of the sample; 63% of email goes through non-EU providers. Domestic hosting is led by CSC, Hetzner and UpCloud.
  • Two official sites on US infrastructure. www.hel.fi (Helsinki) is served by Microsoft and www.presidentti.fi by Amazon.

Outlook

Finland is 0.19 point behind Germany. Its grassroots pillar cannot rise further; the gap is in the two hosting pillars, where the Helsinki and presidency websites are the visible levers.

Historical context

2020 baseline

In 2020, Finland was an "emerging" country with a significant disconnect between its strong top-down security strategy and its weak formal policy for open source.

2024 progression

Finland continues to champion open source, with policymaking remaining decentralized. The 2019 government program prioritized openness and OSS use in procurement. Strategic players like the Centre for Open Systems and Solutions (COSS) remain central to the ecosystem's health.

Historical reference

OSOR Fact Sheet (PDF, 2024) — the country-level Open Source policy report used by the retired Public Policy pillar in EDRIX 1.0.